Outline the experimental evidences for the quantum theory of matter.

Outline the experimental evidences for the quantum theory of matter.

The quantum theory of matter states that energy of a radiation exists in discrete packets of magnitude hf where h is Plank’s constant and f is the frequency. Some evidences are

• Photoelectric effect: to liberate an electron from a metal surface, a quantum (or packet) of energy called work function which is characteristic of the metal has to be supplied.
• Optical spectra: a line in optical emission spectrum indicates presence of a particular frequency, f, of light considered to arise from loss of energy which occurs in an excited atom when electron jumps directly or in steps from a higher energy level E₂ to lower energy level (s), E₁. The frequency of a photon= hf = E₁ – E₂.
• X-ray line spectra: electron transition from one shell to another leads to liberation of energy in packets which are characteristic of the target atom

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