Explain using Huygens’s principle the diffraction pattern produced by a single slit.
Explain using Huygens’s principle the diffraction pattern produced by a single slit.
The diffraction patterns formed are due to superposition of secondary wavelets formed from the main wave front at AB
Each point on the wave front in the gap AB acts as a secondary source of wavelets that propagate in forward direction
At O, most of the wavelets arrive in phase causing constrictive interference leading to formation of the central bright band.
On outwards from O, an increasing number of wavelets arrive out of phase and hence the bright bands reduces in intensity until a dark band is formed where all wavelets arrive out of phase.
As we move farther away from O parallel to AB, the intensity rises again to a much smaller maximum producing less bright band than at O.
More and more alternative bright and dark bands of reducing intensities are formed further from O parallel to AB where wave wavelets meet in phase and out of phase respectively.
The graph of intensity against distance is shown below.
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