To what extent were post Independent East African leaders responsible for the collapse of EAC by 1977?

The collapse of the East African Community (EAC) in 1977 was influenced by several factors, including the actions and decisions of post-independence East African leaders as discussed below.

• Personal Differences among Leaders: Personal conflicts between leaders, such as Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere and Ugandan President Idi Amin, created significant tensions. Nyerere refused to recognize Amin as Uganda’s leader and refused to sit with him, which hindered the functioning of the EAC2.
• Ideological Differences: The member countries had different economic ideologies. Tanzania pursued socialism, Kenya followed capitalism, and Uganda had a mixed economy. These ideological differences made it difficult to plan and implement cohesive policies3.
• Political Instability: Changes in leadership, such as the overthrow of Idi Amin in Uganda and the departure of Julius Nyerere in Tanzania, disrupted the stability and continuity of the integration process.
• Economic Disparities: The three countries were at different levels of economic development. Kenya, with more industries, benefited more from the EAC, leading to resentment from Uganda and Tanzania. This economic imbalance contributed to the collapse.
• Trade and Communication Issues: Poor trade relations and inadequate communication networks between Uganda and Tanzania further strained the EAC. The lack of good communication infrastructure made trade difficult and hindered cooperation.
• Financial Mismanagement: Kenya’s use of customs revenue belonging to the EAC without proper allocation led to accusations of malpractice. This financial mismanagement caused further distrust among the member states.
• Foreign Influence: External influences, particularly from the USA and Britain, played a role in the collapse. These countries were concerned that a strong EAC would reduce their influence in the region and worked to undermine the community.
• National Interests: Each member state prioritized its national interests over the collective goals of the EAC, leading to a lack of trust and cooperation. This lack of commitment to the EAC’s goals weakened the organization and contributed to its eventual collapse.

In summary, while post-independence East African leaders played a significant role in the collapse of the EAC, it was a combination of political, economic, and social factors that ultimately led to its downfall.

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Dr. Bbosa Science