Difference between cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
Difference between cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis |
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| Cellular Respiration | Photosynthesis | |
| Production of ATP | Yes; theoretical yield is 38 ATP molecules per glucose but actual yield is only about 30-32. | Yes |
| Reactants | C6H12O6 and 6O2 | 6CO2 and 12H2O and light energy |
| Requirement of sunlight | Sunlight not required; cellular respiration occurs at all times. | Can occur only in presence of sunlight |
| Chemical Equation (formula) | 6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 +6H2O + ATP (energy) | 6CO2 + 12H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O |
| Process | Production of ATP via oxidation of organic sugar compounds. Glycolysis: breaking down of sugars; occurs in cytoplasm Krebs Cycle: occurs in mitochondria; requires energy. Electron Transport Chain proteins in mitochondria; converts O2 to water. | The production of organic carbon (glucose and starch) from inorganic carbon (carbon dioxide) with the use of ATP and NADPH produced in the light dependent reaction |
| Fate of oxygen and carbon dioxide | Oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is released. | Carbon dioxide is absorbed and oxygen is released. |
| Energy required or released? | Releases energy in a step wise manner as ATP molecules | Requires energy |
| Main function | Breakdown of food. Energy release. | Production of food. Energy Capture. |
| Chemical reaction | Glucose is broken down into water and carbon dioxide (and energy). | Carbon dioxide and water combine in presence of sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen. |
| Stages | 4 stages: Glycolysis, Linking Reaction (pyruvate oxidation), Krebs cycle, Electron Transport Chain (oxidative phosphorylation). | 2 stages: The light dependent reaction, light independent reaction. (also called light cycle & Calvin cycle) |
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What powers ATP synthase |
H+ proton gradient across the inner mitochondria membrane into matrix. High H+ concentration in the intermembrane space. |
H+ gradient across thylakoid membrane into stroma. High H+ concentration in the thylakoid lumen |
| Products | 6CO2 and 6H2O and energy(ATP) | C6 H12 O6 (or G3P) and 6O2 and 6H2O |
| What pumps protons across the membrane | Electron transport chain. Electrochemical gradient creates energy that the protons use to flow passively synthesizing ATP. | Electron transport chain |
| Occurs in which organelle? | Mitochondria | Chloroplasts |
| Final electron receptor | O2 (Oxygen gas) | NADP+ (forms NADPH ) |
| Occurs in which organisms? | Occurs in all living organisms (plants and animals). | Occurs in plants, protista (algae), and some bacteria. |
| Electron source | Glucose, NADH + , FADH2 | Oxidation H2O at PSII |
| Catalyst – A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction | No catalyst is required for respiration reaction. | Reaction takes places in presence of chlorophyll. |
| High electron potential energy | From breaking bonds | From light photons. |
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Dr. Bbosa Science
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