The distribution of the stomata and other leaf modification in plants are indicative of their habitats. Discuss.

The distribution of the stomata and other leaf modification in plants are indicative of their habitats. Discuss.

Hydrophytes, plants that live in fresh water

• have numerous stomata on the upper surface of the leaves and fews or none on the lower surface to increase water loss
• They have broad and spongy leaves to enable them loss excess water and float on water e.g. water li
• They have hydathodes to exudes excess water

Mesophytes, plants that live in moist places on land,

• have more stomata on the lower surface and few on the upper surface to minimize water loss.
• Have hairy leaves to reduce water loss through evaporation.
• Some shed off their leaves in order to conserves water.
• Halophytes, plants living in areas of high salinity
• Have reduced number od stomata on both sides of the leaves to reduce water loos.
• Have buoyant leaves to float on water
• Have freshy leaves to store water
• Have tolerant to water stress

Xerophytes, plants found in dry areas

• have reduced number of stomata to reduce water loss by evaporation
• some leaves are reduced to spine to reduce surface are for water loss
• they have sunken stomata to maintain high humidity around the stomata and reduce water loss
• impermeable cuticle
• hairy leaves
• some have rolled/folded leaves to reduce surface area for water loss
• some have shiny leaf surface which reflect much light rays

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