Unique characteristics of carbon

Unique characteristics of carbon

1. Forms gaseous oxides, the rest form solid oxides

Note that

• Carbon dioxide is a gas because its molecules are bonded by weak van der Waal forces.
• Silicon dioxide is a solid of high melting point because each silicon atom is bonded to four oxygen atom by strong covalent bonds.

2. Catenation: carbon forms chains, rings and branches with single, double and triple bonds while others do not

3. Forms compounds mainly with oxidation sate (IV); other elements form compounds with oxidation states +2 and +4.

4.   Carbon tetrachloride and carbon tetrahydride do not hydrolyze in water. Chlorides of other elements hydrolyze in water.

5. Carbon form CF₄ and not CF₆^-2

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