Adaptations of xylems to its functions

Adaptations of xylems to its functions

• Its cells have no end walls to allow unimpeded flow of water.
• Lignin in the cellulose side walls makes it impermeable to water and solutes. This prevents wastage during transport.
• Having spiral an annular thickening gives a high tensile strength and prevents the vessel from collapsing.
• Presence of pits allow water in and out of the lumen.
• Lignin also strengthen the vessels in order to give structural support to the plant.
• Have elongated cylindrical cells for continuous flow of water
• Torus in bordered pits act as a plug for controlling passage of water in some plants

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