Describe the physiological adaptations of vertebrates in dry environments, giving examples in each case 

Describe the physiological adaptations of vertebrates in dry environments, giving examples in each case

• Evaporation of water from lungs is reduced by exhaling air at a temperature lower than body temperature, e.g. Kangaroo
• Long loops of Henle to maximize absorption of water from glomerular filtration
• producing less toxic waste e.g. uric acid in birds
• Use of metabolic water e.g. camel.
• Low filtration rate
• Tissues tolerant to water loss e.g. camel