
Determination of freezing point depression constant using Beckmann’s procedure
Determination of freezing point depression constant using Beckmann’s procedure
- A given mass of the solvent (m1) is placed in glass tube A into which a thermometer is immersed. This tube is fitted with a wire stirrer, s1, and a side arm, m, through which the solute can be introduced.
Apparatus
- the tube A is surrounded by a wider tube, B, which provides an air jacket to ensure uniform cooling
- The freezing agent is contained in vessel C consisting of a mixture of ice and salt and is kept stirred by stirrer S2.
- The freezing point of the pure solvent T1, is determined by stirring both freezing agent and the solvent and recording the constant temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid.
- After determining the freezing point of a solvent the solid is warmed to melt.
- A given mass of solute m2 is introduced into the solvent through side arm, m, and stirred until completely dissolved.
- Repeat procedure 4 and note the temperature (T2) at which pure solvent alone separate out from solution as solid.
Treatment of results
Mass of solvent = M1
Mass of solute = m2
∆t = (T1-T2)
Molecular mass of solute = Mr
NB. this method is ideal for solvents with small depression constants.
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CATEGORIES Inorganic chemistry questions
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