During vaccination against tuberculosis (T.B), children are injected with a weakened strain of T.B bacteria. Explain how this procedure can result in long term defence against T.B.

  • Weakened strains of T.B induce B-lymphocytes to divide rapidly by mitosis forming a clone of B-cells.
  • Some of the B-cells differentiate into memory cells which retain the ability to recognise T.B germs.
  • Reinfection by the same T.B bacteria causes the memory cells to divide faster than the bacteria producing antibodies which attack the bacteria  and render them harmless
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