effects/Implication of over population

Benefits/merits/Advantages   of over population

1. It increases the size of the domestic market for both the manufactured and agricultural products.
2. It encourages labour mobility. This is because many young people can easily move to other areas in search of employment.
3. It stimulates rapid economic growth. This is due to the expansion of investments as a result of increase in market size.  .
4. It increases labour supply and mobility in the country. This increases output hence economic
5. The big population puts pressure on the government  to provide social services so as to meet the basic needs of people.
6. Stimulates investment
7. increased exploitation and utilization of resources
8. encourages innovations and inventions

Disadvantages/demerits of over population

1. It leads to low standards of living. This is due to high cost of living and low per capita income.
2. It leads to over straining of the available social amenities like water supply, medical services, electricity, roads etc.
3. It leads to food shortage in the economy.  This results in famine and malnutrition hence poor health conditions.
4. It leads to excessive demand for goods and services in the economy hence demand pull inflation.
5. It leads to balance of payment problems.  This is due to increased importation of commodities in the country.
6. It encourages rural urban migration with its associated problems. This is because people leave the rural areas to come and enjoy the better services in urban areas.
7. It increases the levels of unemployment and under employment in the economy as a result of excess population.
8. It leads to over exploitation of natural resources hence environmental degradation in form of pollution.
9. It reduces government tax revenue in case the majority of the people are poor.
10. 10. It encourages political instabilities  in  form  of civil  wars  due  to  the  excessive   pressure   on  the government   for social
11. It increases dependence burdens in the economy. This discourages savings and investments due to high consumption   expenditure.
12. leads to income inequality
13. High social costs in form of pollution
14. it results in brain drainage
15. Limited domestic market due to low income