Electron affinity

Enthalpy of electron affinity: refers to the enthalpy change for formation of free gaseous anions from1mole of free gaseous atoms.

Cl(g) + e → Cl^– (g) ∆H_m^Ө(298K) = -354kJmol^-1

Factors affecting magnitude of electron affinity

• Size of an atom: Small atoms have strong attraction to outer electrons leading to high negative electron affinity.
• Electronegativity: highly electronegative atoms have high attraction to valence electron causing high negative electron affinity
• Electropositivity: highly electropositive atoms have low attraction to valence electrons leading high positive electron affinity.

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