Enthalpy of ionization

Enthalpy of ionization: refers to enthalpy change for conversion of gaseous atoms into free gaseous ions, e.g.

Na(g) → Na+(g)+ e  ∆H_m^Ө(298K) = +502kJmol^-1

Factors affecting magnitude of ionization energy

• Size of an atom: Small atoms have strong attraction to outer electrons leading to high ionization energy.
• Electronegativity: highly electronegative atoms have high attraction to valence electron causing high ionization energy.
• Electropositivity: highly electropositive atoms have low attraction to valence electrons leading low ionization energy.

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