Examine the factors that lead to the success of South Sudan war of secession.

(Introduction, identify and explain the reasons for success of the South Sudan war of secession, conclude)

South Sudan is a landlocked country in East Africa, officially known as the Republic of South Sudan. It gained independence from Sudan on July 9, 2011, following a referendum where 98.8% of the population voted for independence

Reasons for success of the South Sudan war of secession

The success of the South Sudan war of secession can be attributed to several key factors:

• Historical Grievances: The South Sudanese people had long-standing grievances against the central government in Khartoum, including marginalization, economic exploitation, and cultural suppression. These grievances fueled the desire for independence.
• Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA): The CPA, signed in 2005, provided a framework for the secession. It included provisions for a referendum on independence, which ultimately led to the overwhelming vote for secession in 2011.
• International Support: The international community, including the United Nations and the African Union, supported the peace process and the right of the South Sudanese people to self-determination. This support helped legitimize the secession. Also, Britain, USA and Israel provides technical and logistical support to SPLA.
• Strong Leadership: The leadership of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) and its military wing, the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), played a crucial role in mobilizing support and leading the struggle for independence.
• Ethnic and Religious Differences: The cultural, ethnic, and religious differences between the predominantly Muslim and Arab north and the predominantly Christian and African south created a strong sense of identity and unity among the South Sudanese.
• Economic Factors: The South’s rich natural resources, including oil, provided an economic incentive for independence. Control over these resources was a significant factor in the desire for self-governance.
• Failure of Previous Peace Agreements: Previous attempts at peace, such as the Addis Ababa Agreement of 1972, failed to address the root causes of the conflict. The CPA was more comprehensive and addressed many of the issues that had led to previous failures.
• Popular support of South Sudanese: South Sudanese provide strong support to SPLA/SPLM is the struggle for independence for South Sudan.

These factors collectively contributed to the success of the South Sudan war of secession, leading to the establishment of the Republic of South Sudan in 2011.

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Dr. Bbosa Science