Explain how the epithelial is adapted for its functions.

In this question you should point out the structural modifications of epithelial tissue to suit the different functions.

  • One cell thick reduce diffusion distance in alveoli, kidney tubules, and blood capillaries
  • Flattened, plate-like squamous cells provides smooth surface for easy flow of materials along the tissue, e.g. blood capillaries
  • Secretory cells secrete hormones and enzymes e.g. in thyroid gland and chief gland
  • Microvilli increase absorptive surface
  • Transitional epithelium allows distension of bladder
  • Stratified epithelia offer protection from friction
  • Ciliated epithelia allow movement of particles example dust in trachea and ova in fallopian tube
  • Deposit of keratin allows protection
  • Pseudo stratified for stretching
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