How can a farmer improve the breeding efficiency of a herd? 

• Good feeding: Breeding animals should be fed well but excessive fattening should be avoided as it may reduce the fertility.
• Observing the rest period: Animals should be given a rest period of about 60 days to allow the uterus to return to normal
• Insemination at the right time: In case of artificial insemination, the cow should be inseminated towards the middle and late part of heat period as ovulation occurs 14 hours after the beginning of estrus.
• Observation of animals on heat: This should be done as early as possible more especially where artificial insemination is being used to avoid the animal missing service.
• Veterinary Attention: Animals that fail to conceive should be identified and examined to find out the causes and treated if possible.
• Pregnancy diagnosis: Animals should be diagnosed to find out whether they have conceived or not so that appropriate measures can be taken in time.
• Keep accurate breeding records for the herd to be used as reference were necessary
• Use teaser bulls for early detection of heat in farm animals for early service
• Maintain a good ratio of bulls to females to avoid over working the bulls which lowers fertility
• Use correct techniques of artificial insemination to ensure successful fertilization hence high breeding efficiency
• Females with abnormal discharges should examined and treated early enough
• Know a complete breeding history of the animals before buying it into the farm.

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