Category: Inorganic chemistry questions
Explain why carbon reacts with fluorine but not with chlorine
Fluorine is a stronger oxidizing agent than chlorine, has very low F-F bond energy and form stronger C-F bond the C-Cl bond, these factors promote ... Read More
Reaction of Silicon with acids
Silicon does not react with most acids under normal conditions but is dissolved by hydrofluoric acid, HF, to form fluorosilicic acid, a reaction apparently driven ... Read More
Reaction of lead (IV) oxide with sodium hydroxide solution
The compound PbO2 reacts with the sodium hydroxide to produce the hexahydroxoplumbate (IV) ion <Pb(OH)6>2−, soluble with the water. PbO2 + 2NaOH + 2 H2O → Na2<Pb(OH)6> Read More
Reaction of Lead(IV) chloride with sodium hydroxide
Lead(IV) chloride react with sodium hydroxide to produce lead(IV) oxide, sodium chloride and water. Sodium hydroxide - diluted solution. PbCl4 + 4NaOH → PbO2 + 4NaCl + ... Read More
Explain the variations of melting points of chlorides of period 3 elements
Physical properties of chlorides of period 3 elements These are formed by reacting the elements with chlorine gas and the physical properties of their chlorides ... Read More
Explain the variations of boiling points of chlorides of period period 3 elements
Boiling points of chlorides of period 3 elements The table below shows the boiling points of the chlorides of period 3 elements. Element Na Mg ... Read More
Parts of the kidney
Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription is free Share with a friend Your comments are highly welcome Thank you so much Read More
Uses of proteins in the body
Uses of proteins in the body Make up structures, e.g., collagen make up connective tissues. Make up enzymes such as catalyze and amylase. Are constituent ... Read More
State the laws of electromagnetic induction.
Laws of electromagnetic induction. Faraday’s law states that the magnitude of the e.m.f induced in a circuit is directly proportional to the rate of change ... Read More
Discuss the factors which affect the current sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer
The factors which affect the current sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer include Strength of magnet, current sensitivity is proportional to the strength of the ... Read More
Principles of separation of mixtures by steam distillation
Principles of separation of mixtures by steam distillation The substance to be separated by steam distillation should be volatile, has relatively high molecular mass ... Read More
What is steam distillation
Steam distillation is a technique of separating a volatile liquid/substance that is immiscible with water from nonvolatile components at temperature below its boiling point by ... Read More
Advantages of steam distillation
Advantages of steam distillation Distillation occurs at a temperature below the boiling point of the component and that of water. This is useful if the ... Read More
What is negative deviation from Raoult’s law
Negative deviation Negative deviations from Raoult's law occurs when the vapor pressure of solution is lower than that of an ideal solution of the same ... Read More
What positive deviation from Raoult’s law
Positive deviation from Raoult's occurs when the vapor pressure of solution is higher than of ideal solution of the same composition Please Subscribe to promote ... Read More
what is an azeotrope?
An azeotrope is a mixture which has the same composition as it vapor as in liquid and boils at constant temperature. Please Subscribe to promote ... Read More
what is an Ideal solution?
Ideal solution An ideal solution is one that obeys Raoult’s law. Solutions that obey Raoult’s law have uniform forces of attraction between like and unlike ... Read More
Raoult’s Law
Raoult’s Law The partial pressure of any component at a given temperature in a mixture varies linearly with its concentration. Or The vapor pressure of ... Read More
Explain the effect of nonvolatile solute on the vapor pressure and boiling point of a liquid
Effect of nonvolatile solute on vapor pressure and boiling point of a liquid. Nonvolatile solute reduces the vapor pressure of a solvent because the nonvolatile ... Read More
Factors affecting physical state of a substance.
Factors affecting physical state of substance include temperature and pressure. Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription is free Share with a friend Your comment ... Read More
What is critical point
Critical point is temperature and pressure beyond which a liquid and vapor are indistinguishable. Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription is free Share with ... Read More
what is meant by a triple point?
A triple point is temperature and pressure at the liquid, solid and vapor states are in equilibrium Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription is ... Read More
What is a phase of substance?
A phase is a homogenous physical state into which a substance can exist; for example, solid, liquid and vapor/gas Please Subscribe to promote this ... Read More
Reasons why eutectic mixtures are not compound
Reasons why eutectic mixtures are not compound their composition varies with pressure can be separated by other physical methods as distillation and evaporation to dryness ... Read More
Similarities between eutectic mixture and pure compound
Similarities between eutectic mixture and pure compound both have a sharp freezing point at constant pressure Have the same composition in liquid and liquid Please ... Read More
Eutectic mixtures
Eutectic mixtures These are mixtures which at constant pressure freeze at constant temperature to give a solid of the same composition. Please Subscribe to promote ... Read More
What is endothermic reaction?
Endothermic reaction is a reaction in which heat s liberated Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription is free Share with a friend Your comment ... Read More
What is exothermic reaction?
Exothermic reaction is a reaction in which heat is liberated Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription is free Share with a friend Your ... Read More
State Hess’ law of thermodynamics
Hess' law state that the enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the route followed from the reactants to the products. Please Subscribe ... Read More
Energy/Enthalpy of hydration
Energy/Enthalpy of hydration This refers to the enthalpy change when 1mole of gaseous ions is hydrated. e.g. Na+(g) + aq → Na+(aq) ∆HmӨ(298K) = -406 ... Read More
Energy/Enthalpy of solution
Energy/Enthalpy of solution This refers to the enthalpy change for the formation of an infinitely dilute solution of 1 mole of salt. NaCl(s) +aq→ Na+(aq) ... Read More
Lattice enthalpy/energy
Lattice enthalpy/energy This is the name given to the enthalpy change for the reaction in which 1mole of crystalline solid is formed from its component ... Read More
Electron affinity
Enthalpy of electron affinity: refers to the enthalpy change for formation of free gaseous anions from1mole of free gaseous atoms. Cl(g) + e → ... Read More
Enthalpy of ionization
Enthalpy of ionization: refers to enthalpy change for conversion of gaseous atoms into free gaseous ions, e.g. Na(g) → Na+(g)+ e ∆HmӨ(298K) = +502kJmol-1 Factors ... Read More
Enthalpy of atomization
Enthalpy of atomization: refers to the enthalpy change for the formation of 1mole of gaseous atoms from an element in its standard state C(s)(graphite) → ... Read More
Enthalpy of formation of hydrated ions
Enthalpy of formation of hydrated ions; This refers to enhtalpy change of the formations of 1mole of hydrated ions from an element in its standard ... Read More
What is meant by Enthalpy of formation of a compounds
Enthalpy of formation of compounds: The standard molar enthalpy of formation of a compound is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of the compound is ... Read More
Enthalpy of combustion of sulphur or carbon
Experimental method for finding enthalpy of combustion using a calorimetric bomb. This method is suitable for determination of enthalpy of combustion of carbon, Sulphur or ... Read More
Experiment to determine the enthalpy of combustion of ethanol
Experimental method for finding enthalpy of combustion a liquid fuel such as ethanol The figure below shows a simple method for obtaining approximate value for ... Read More
Define enthalpy of combustion.
Enthalpy of combustions: The standard molar enthalpy of combustion of a substance is the enthalpy changes when 1 mole of it is completely burn in ... Read More
Applications of partition/distribution law
Applications of partition law solvent extraction study of complexes chromatography Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription is free Share with a friend Your ... Read More
What is partition/distribution coefficient
Partition Coefficient or distribution constant is ratio of the concentration of the solute in immiscible solvents at equilibrium. Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription ... Read More
Limitations or conditions for partition /distribution law
Limitations or conditions for partition /distribution law Solute should be in the same molecular state in both solvents Temperature should be constant None of the ... Read More
What is distribution or partition law?
Distribution Law: States that a solute distributes itself between immiscible solvents such that a constant temperature and pressure the ratio of its concentrations in the ... Read More
what is acid base indicator?
Acid bas indicator is a substance that changes color according to hydrogen ion concentration. Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription is free Share with ... Read More
What is a buffer?
Buffers These are solutions that resist changes in pH on addition of small amounts of either the acid or base. Buffers are usually made of ... Read More
What is a weak base?
A weak base is a substance that partially ionize in water to produce hydroxyl ions as the only negatively charged ions. Please Subscribe to ... Read More
What is a weak acid?
It is an acid that partially ionize in water to produce hydrogen ions as the only positive ions Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription ... Read More
what is pH?
pH is negative log of hydrogen ion concentration in moles per decimeter cubed Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription is free Share with ... Read More
What is osmotic pressure?
The osmotic pressure of the solution is the minimum pressure which must be applied to the solution to balance the tendency of the solvent to ... Read More
what is osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of the solvent molecules from the region where they are highly concentrated to the region of their low concentration through a ... Read More
Lands Berger’s method of determining boiling point elevation constant of a solvent
Lands Berger’s method of determining boiling point elevation constant of a solvent The solvent of boiling point, T0, is boiled in a separate flask and ... Read More
Cottrell’s method for determining the boiling point elevation elevation constant.
Determination of boiling point elevation constant The main difficult for finding molecular masses by this method arises from super heating of the liquid above its ... Read More
Determinations of freezing point constant of a solvent using Rast’s method.
Rast’s method of determining the freezing point constant of a solvent This is based on the use of melted camphor as a solvent because it ... Read More
Determination of freezing point depression constant using Beckmann’s procedure
Determination of freezing point depression constant using Beckmann’s procedure A given mass of the solvent (m1) is placed in glass tube A into which a ... Read More
Limitation of the Colligative properties
Limitation of the Colligative properties A correct value for relative molecular mass (that is a value corresponding to the actual molecular formula) is obtained under ... Read More
State examples of colligative properties.
Colligative properties include: Freezing point depression elevation of boiling points lowering of the vapor pressure osmotic pressure Please Subscribe to promote this website. Subscription ... Read More
What are colligative properties
Colligative properties These are behaviors of solution which depend on the number of nonvolatile dissolved particles (Ions, molecules, atoms etc.) other than the chemical nature ... Read More
What is Ideal gas equation?
Ideal gas equations is PV =nRT where P = pressure of a gas V = volume of a gas R= gas constant T = temperature ... Read More
What is room temperature and pressure
Room temperature and pressure (r.t.p) Temperature = 278K or 250C Pressure = 760mmHg or 1 atmosphere or 101325 atmospheres At r.t.p; Molar volume of a ... Read More